Cannabis has been cultivated for at least 10,000 years. Archaeological evidence places it alongside grain and legume as one of the oldest domesticated plants. It grows in nearly any climate. It produces fiber, food, and compounds that affect the nervous system.

Peyote is a small cactus native to Mexico. It grows slowly, taking 15 years or more to reach flowering from seed. It contains alkaloids including mescaline. Indigenous peoples in Mexico and the southwestern United States have used it in ceremonial contexts for centuries.

San Pedro cactus is a columnar cactus native to the Andes. It grows quickly compared to peyote. It contains mescaline and other alkaloids. It's been used in South American ritual and medicine for thousands of years and is still cultivated openly in many countries.

Salvia divinorum is a plant native to Mexico. It contains salvinorin A, a powerful psychoactive compound. Indigenous Mazatec peoples have used it in healing and divination practices for generations.

Blue lotus is an aquatic plant. The flowers and roots contain alkaloids. It's been used in Egyptian ritual and medicine for thousands of years and appears in ancient Egyptian art and hieroglyphics.

Datura, also called Jimsonweed, is a plant found across multiple continents. It contains tropane alkaloids including scopolamine and hyoscyamine. It has been used in various cultures for spiritual and medicinal purposes, though its effects are unpredictable and historically associated with accidental poisonings.

Morning glory vines grow worldwide as ornamental plants. Certain species contain lysergic acid amide and other alkaloids. The seeds are sold commercially. These compounds have been known and used by various cultures for generations.

Banisteriopsis caapi is a vine native to the Amazon. It contains alkaloids including harmaline. It's traditionally combined with other plants to create ayahuasca.

Chacruna leaf is a plant native to South America. It contains dimethyltryptamine. It's traditionally combined with Banisteriopsis caapi to create ayahuasca. The brew has been used by Amazonian peoples for centuries in healing and spiritual contexts.

Coca grows as a shrub in the Andes Mountains at high altitude. The leaves contain alkaloids including cocaine. They've been chewed and brewed into tea for thousands of years in South America as a stimulant and to manage altitude effects. Coca leaf remains legal and commonly used in Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia.

Opium poppy is a flowering plant. The seed pods contain alkaloids including morphine and codeine. It's been cultivated for thousands of years and has been used in medicine, ritual, and for its ornamental flowers. It remains legal to grow in many countries as an ornamental.

Psilocybin mushrooms are fungi, not plants. They contain psilocybin and psilocin alkaloids. Archaeological and anthropological evidence suggests they've been used in religious and spiritual contexts since prehistoric times. They appear in ancient art and ritual across multiple continents.

These plants contain psychoactive alkaloids. They've been used in cultural and spiritual practice across thousands of years. They're grown, studied, and traded. In most countries, they're illegal to cultivate or consume.